Colorectal Cancer Screening Recommendations and Options
March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time to emphasize the importance of early detection in preventing and treating colorectal cancer. Screening is a powerful tool in identifying precancerous polyps and detecting cancer in its early stages when it is most treatable. Understanding the available screening methods and recommendations can help individuals make informed decisions about their health.
Why Is Colorectal Cancer Screening Important?
Colorectal cancer often develops from polyps, which are abnormal growths in the colon or rectum. Screening can detect these polyps before they become cancerous or find cancer early when treatment is most effective. Regular screening significantly reduces the risk of colorectal cancer-related deaths.
Who Should Get Screened?
The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals at average risk of colorectal cancer begin screening at age 45. Those with higher risk factors, such as a family history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or genetic conditions like Lynch syndrome, may need to start screening earlier and undergo more frequent testing. It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best screening schedule.
Common Colorectal Cancer Screening Procedures
There are several effective screening options available, each with its advantages:
Colonoscopy
- Considered the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening.
- A long, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the colon to examine for polyps or cancer.
- Polyps can be removed during the procedure, preventing cancer from developing.
- Recommended every 10 years for average-risk individuals.
Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) and Guaiac-based Fecal Occult Blood Test (gFOBT)
- Non-invasive stool tests that detect hidden blood, which may indicate cancer or polyps.
- Requires an annual sample collection at home.
- A positive test result necessitates a follow-up colonoscopy.
Stool DNA Test
- Detects genetic markers of cancer and blood in stool samples.
- Done at home and requires a sample to be sent to a lab.
- Recommended every 1 to 3 years, depending on the test.
CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy)
- A minimally invasive imaging test that provides a detailed view of the colon using a CT scan.
- Recommended every 5 years for those who prefer a non-invasive option.
- If abnormalities are found, a traditional colonoscopy is required for further evaluation.
Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
- Examines only the lower part of the colon for polyps or cancer.
- Recommended every 5 years, often combined with stool-based tests for comprehensive screening.
Choosing the Right Screening Test
The best screening test is the one that gets done. Each method has its benefits and limitations, and personal preferences, medical history, and risk factors should be considered when selecting a screening option. A healthcare provider can help determine the most suitable test for each individual.
Conclusion
Colorectal cancer screening saves lives by detecting cancer early or preventing it altogether. If you are 45 or older or have risk factors for colorectal cancer, talk to your doctor about getting screened. Awareness and proactive health decisions can significantly reduce the impact of colorectal cancer and improve overall well-being.
Learn more about Covenant Cancer Care by visiting our website: https://covenantcancercare.com/
Posted Date: 3/13/2025